Lesson 22 Towards Independence

Lesson 22 Towards Independence

 

(Very Short Answer Type Questions)

 

Q1. Who founded the Swaraj Party?

Ans. Moti Lal Nehru and Shri R. Dass

Q2. Where the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee was formed?

Ans. Shri Amritsar Sahib

Q3. How many Singhs were burnt alive in Nankana Sahib Morcha?

Ans. 130

Q4. Who owned Gurdwara Guru Ka Bagh?

Ans. Mahant Sundar Dass

Q5. When was the Babbar Akali Movement founded?

Ans. 1921 AD

Q6. When was the Youth Bharat Sabha established?

Ans. 1926 AD

Q7. Who dropped the bomb in the central assembly hall?

Ans. Bhagat Singh and BK Dutt

Q8. When was the Simon Commission appointed?

Ans. 1927 AD

Q9. When did Simon Commission come to India?

Ans. 1928 AD

Q10. When was the resolution of complete independence passed by the Indian National Congress?

Ans. 31 December 1929 AD

Q11. Where did Mahatma Gandhi start the Gandhi March?

Ans. Sabarmati Aashram

Q12. How many round table conferences were organized by the British government?

Ans. 3

Q13. Who celebrated Salvation Day?

Ans. Mulsim League

Q14. When did the Cripps Mission come to India?

Ans. 1942 AD

Q15. Under whose leadership was the quit India Movement launched?

Ans. Mahatma Gandhi

Q16. In collaboration with which country was the Independent Indian Army established?

Ans. Japan

Q17. Who was considered as the real founder of Azad Hind Foj?

Ans. Subhash Chandra Boss

Q18. Who said, you give me blood, I will give you freedom?

Ans. Subhash Chandra Boss

Q19. What date did Lord Attledd Announce to Liberate India?

Ans. 30 June 1948 AD

Q20. Which state was most affected by the partition of India?

Ans. Punjab

Q21. When was Mahatma Gandhi got shooted?

Ans. 30 January 1948 AD

Q22. Who shooted Mahatma Gandhi?

Ans. Nathu Ram Godse

 

Multiple Choice Questions: -

 

1. In which year was the first Independence Day celebrated in India?

(ij) 1929 AD

(ii) 1930 AD

(iii) 1931 AD

(iv) 1932 AD

1. (ii)

2. When did the Quit India Movement start?

(i) 8 August 1932 AD

(ii) 8 August 1939 AD

(iii) 8 August 1942 AD

(iv) 15 August 1945 AD

2. (iii)

3. Who gave the slogan of do or die?

(i) Mahatma Gandhi

(ii) Jawaharlal Nehru

(iii) Lala Lajpat Rai

(IV) Bal Gangadhar Tilak

3. (i)

4. Who was the last Viceroy of India?

(i) Lord Mountbatten

(ii) Lord Attlee

(iii) Dr. Rajendra Prasad

(iv) Radhakrishnan

4. (i)

5. Who was the first Governor General of Independent India?

(i) Lord Mountbatten

(ii) Muhammad Ali Jinnah

(iii) Lord Attlee

(iv) Jawaharlal Nehru

5. (i)

 

Fill in the blanks: -

 

1. The two main leaders of the Swaraj Party were Chitranjan Das and Motilal Nehru

2. Gurudwara Reform Movement was started in 1920 AD.

3. Execution of Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru. Was given on 23 March 1931 AD.

4. India became independent on 15 August 1947 AD.

5. The first president of the Shiromani Gurudwara Parbandhak Committee was Sardar Sundar Singh Majithia.

 

Right / wrong

 

1. Simon Commission came to India in 1930 AD.

1. Wrong

2. World War II was started in 1939 AD.

2. Right

3. Gandhi Irwan Agreement was happened in 1931 AD.

3. Right

4. The Cripps Mission arrived in India on March 23, 1942.

4. Right

5. Provincial Self-Government was established in India by the Act on 1935 AD.

5. Right

 

(Short Answer type Questions)

 

Q 1. Why the Gurdwara Reform Movement started. Give any three reasons.

Ans 1. The mahants had taken control of the Gurudwaras.

2. The English government was cooperating with the mahants.

3. Due to the efforts of the Singh Sabha movement, a new awakening had taken place among the Sikhs.

 

Q 2. Describe the Gurdwara Reform Movement.

Ans. The Shiromani Akali Dal launched the Gurudwara Reform Movement to take control of the Gurdwaras. Many Popular fronts were set up during 1921 AD to 1925 AD Of these, Guru Ka Bagh Morcha established in 1921 AD and the Jaito Morcha in 1923 AD is the most popular in India. In line with all these movements, the Akalis adopted a policy of non-violence. End 1925 AD. The government recognized the rights of Sikhs over gurudwaras through the Gurudwara Act.

 

Q 3. Write a brief note on the Simon Commission.

Ans. The Simon Commission was appointed in 1927 AD. The Simon Commission was set up in 1927 AD to review the amendments to the 1919 Act. It Came to India in 1928 AD. None of the members of this commission were Indian. So wherever this commission went, the people of India opposed it with black flags, the British adopted a strict policy towards these agitators. A procession led by Lala Lajpat Rai was taken out in Lahore to protest against the commission, but the government charged these unarmed people with lathi, in which Lala Lajpat Rai was also injured and died. This Due to which the hatred towards the British increased among the Indians.

 

Q 4. Write a brief note on the Dandi March.

Ans. Mahatma Gandhi started the non-cooperation movement by violating the salt law at a place called Dandi on the beach 320 km from Gujarat. He marched on 12 March 1930 AD. He left Sabarmati Ashram with 78 others for Dandi. This yatra is famous in history as Dandi Yatra. The journey took 24 days to complete. This journey created a new excitement among the people.

 

Q5. Gandhi Irwin Pact

Ans. A historic agreement was signed between the Viceroy of India, Lord Irwin and Gandhi on May 5, 1937 AD, known as the Gandhi Irwin Pact. According to this agreement: -

(i) The government should withdraw all anti-people ordinances.

(ii) All political prisoners involved in non-violent activities will be released.

(iii) Ocean dwellers will be able to make salt without paying taxes.

(iv) The confiscated property of the agitators will be returned to them.

Q 6.Write a note on Quit India Movement.

Ans. Quit India Movement started on August 8, 1942 AD. The Quit India Movement was started due to fear of Japanese invasion of India, failure of the Cripps Mission, growing public anger towards the British rule and changes in Gandhiji's attitude towards them. The movement soon spread to different parts of India. The people of India took part in this movement on a large scale. The Quit India Movement, although it failed to bring immediate independence to India, shook the foundations of the British Government.

 

(Long Answer Type Questions)

 

Q 1. Write the main provisions of the Cabinet Mission:

Ans. The Cabinet Mission was constituted on 16th May 1946 AD. An announcement has been made to the so-called Cabinet Mission.

The main points of the Cabinet Mission were as follows: -

(i) To unite the British Provinces and the Indigenous States to form the Union of

India.

(ii) Establish a Constituent Assembly to draft a new Constitution of India.

(iii) An interim government of the major political parties should be formed till the constitution is drafted. All departments of the Interim Government should be under Indian Ministers.

(iv) Communal questions should be decided by a separate majority of Hindus and Muslims, not by a single majority.

(v) There will be no sovereignty over the native states and it will be up to them to decide which subject to assign to the Center.

(vi) After the drafting of the Constitution, the British Government will hand over the right of sovereign sovereignty to the native states.

 

Q 2. What do you know about the Rowlatt Act and the Jallianwala Bagh massacre?

Ans. 1. Rowlatt Act:-

To suppress the nationalists, the British government passed the Rowlatt Act in 1919 AD. According to which nationalists could be imprisoned without trial on the basis of suspicion only. Gandhi ji started Satyagrahi against it. This law was called the Black Law. On Gandhiji's orders, there were strikes and demonstrations across the country against the Rowlatt Act. Hindus and Muslims took equal part in them.

2. Jallianwala Bagh massacre:-

Gandhiji called for a general strike on 6 April 1919 AD in protest of the government's repressive policy. The people took part in the strike with great enthusiasm. At this the government intensified its repressive policy. Two Popular Leaders in Punjab - Dr. Saifuddin Kichlu and Dr. Satpal was taken prisoner. The people of Punjab protested against his arrest. At Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar a large public meeting was held in April 1919 AD. General Dyer rained down bullets on the unarmed crowd, killing hundreds and injuring thousands. Nationalist sentiments against British rule intensified throughout the country. Shortly afterwards, a curfew was imposed in the Punjab, but the pressure did not last long.

 

Q 3. What was the program of the Civil Disobedience Movement?

Ans. Mahatma Gandhi started the Civil Disobedience Movement by Violating the Salt Law at a place called Dandi on the beach 320 KM from Gujrat.

1. Program of Civil Disobedience Movement: - Violation of Salt Law, Dharna in front of foreign liquor shops, Holi of foreign goods, boycott of government educational institutions, resignation from government jobs, tax. It was to stop giving and boycott government courts.

 

2. Outbreak of Movement: - Civil disobedience movement started all over the country. In cities like Bombay, Anmedabad and Madras, the salt law was broken. Foreign goods were boycotted and his Holi was burnt. Payment of taxes was stopped. Forest laws were violated in Maharashtra, Karnataka and Central India.

 

3. Repressive policy of the government: - The government has adopted a policy of repression. The press was banned. The Congress was declared illegal and resorted to batons and bullets.

 

Q. 4. What were the main reasons for the partition of India in 1947 AD?

Ans. India became independent on August 15, 1947 AD, but before seeing a new dawn of independence, the country had to face a dark night of partition. India was divided into two parts, India and Pakistan. The main reasons for this division were as follows: -

Ø The British wanted to weaken India.

Ø The Muslim League was also demanding a separate state.

Ø Congress policies were also weak.

Ø The failure of the Interim Government made it clear that the Congress and the Muslim League could not work together.

Ø Hindu-Muslim riots also caused division.

Ø The Mountbatten Plan was accepted by the Muslim League and the Congress. The plan was to pass a resolution for the partition of India

 

Q. 5. Why did the British government decide to grant independence to India?

Ans. From 1919 AD to 1947 AD. The independence movement under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi continued at full speed till. Through the Non- Cooperation Movement, the Civil Disobedience Movement and the Quit India Movement, the people of the country suffocated the British. Leader Subhash

Chandra Bose, on the other hand, started an armed struggle against the British by the Independent Indian Army. Not only that, he started the work of making the country independent by hoisting the tricolor in Imphal. With this the countrymen Feelings of special excitement and enthusiasm filled the room. At this time the country's no-sena started revolt against the British government. On the other hand, after World War II, there was a change in the power of Britain and the Labor Party took over the power there. This party was already a supporter of India's independence. Under Such circumstances, the British Govt. decided to make country indepdent.